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1. CTF Selected References: Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm
- www.ctfphc.org
- Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.
- Lindholm L, Ejlertsson G, Forsberg L, et al: Low prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm in hypertensive patients. ...
- Collin J, Araujo L, Walton J, et al: Oxford screening programme for abdominal aortic aneurysm in men aged 65 to 74 years. ...
- Thurmond AS, Semler HJ: Abdominal aortic aneurysm: incidence in a population at risk. ...
- Castleden WM, Mercer JC: Abdominal aortic aneurysms in Western Australia: descriptive epidemiology and patterns of rupture. ...
- Melton LJ 3d, Bickerstaff LK, Hollier LH, et al: Changing incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms: a population-based study. ...
- Hill G: Data presented at International Workshop on abdominal aortic aneurysms. ... Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm. ...
- Brewster DC, Darling C, Raines JK: Assessment of abdominal aortic size. ...
- Gomes MNH, Shellinger D, Hufragel CA: Abdominal aortic aneurysms: diagnostic review and new technique. ... Kullmann G, Wolland T, Krohn CD, et al: Ultrasonography for early diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysm. ...
- Nevitt MP, Ballard DJ, Hallet JW Jr: Prognosis of abdominal aortic aneurysms. ...
- Bergqvist D, Bengtsson H: Should screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms be advocated? Acta Chir Scand Suppl 1990; 555: 89-97 .
- Amundsen S, Skjaerven R, Trippestad A, et al: Abdominal aortic aneurysms--a study of factors influencing postoperative mortality. ...
- Roger VL, Ballard DJ, Hallet JW Jr, et al: Influence of coronary artery disease on morbidity and mortality after abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy: a population-based study, 1971-1987. ...
- Lederle FA: Management of small abdominal aortic aneurysms editorial . ...
2. Abdominal exercises for stronger firmer abdominal muscles
- www.netfit.co.uk
- There are currently over 200 different Abdominal exercises with new training programs added each week within our members only area.
- Read notes on abdominal techniques prior to doing any abdominal work. ...
- Rectus abdominis, your abdominal's originates on the sternum and ribcage and inserts onto your pubic bone. ... Having strong abdominal muscles is necessary for all-round body strength, as any lifting with either arms or legs, will make use of the abdominal muscles. ...
- These abdominal exercises will help you develop the six pack that you have always wanted. ...
3. Risk Factors for Rupture of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm - February 1, 2000 - American Academy of Family Physicians
- www.aafp.org
- Risk Factors for Rupture of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.
- Rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm has high morbidity and mortality rates. ... Surgeons often electively repair abdominal aortic aneurysms that measure 4 to 5. ... The decision is made more difficult because of uncertainty about the rupture risk of abdominal aortic aneurysms of different sizes. Abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter is probably a determinant of rupture, but measurements are poorly reproducible. The rupture rate of abdominal aortic aneurysms that measure less than 5 cm in diameter vary widely, from zero to 1 percent per year to as high as 6 percent per year. Modeling studies have suggested that the rupture risk for abdominal aortic aneurysms measuring 6. ...
- Small Aneurysm Trial and the additional follow-up of patients who were ineligible or who refused randomization provided a large cohort for evaluating factors that influence the rupture risk of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Patients who had abdominal aortic aneurysms that measured 4 to 5. ... The primary end point of the study was rupture of the abdominal aortic aneurysm.
- Among the 1,090 randomized patients, 25 abdominal aortic aneurysm ruptures occurred. In the 1,167 nonrandomized patients, abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture occurred in 78 patients. ... Factors significantly and independently associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture included initial aneurysm diameter (much higher risk of rupture in patients when the diameter of the abdominal aortic aneurysm measured greater than 6 cm), female gender, higher mean blood pressure reading and current smoker as measured by baseline plasma cotinine level. Although women typically have smaller abdominal aortic aneurysm measurements than men (mean diameter at rupture: 5 versus 6 cm), a surprising finding of this study was a rate of aneurysm rupture three times higher in women than in men. This might suggest that the ratio of infrarenal/ suprarenal diameter is an important determinant of abdominal aortic aneurysm stability or rupture, although suprarenal diameters are not reproducible by ultrasonography. This study sheds new light on the risk factors associated with the rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysms, particularly smaller ones. ...
4. Abdominal Trauma
- www.surgery.uiowa.edu
- Abdominal Trauma.
- As you obtain a history, begin looking for clues for possible intra-abdominal injury (which should be suspected with trauma to the chest or abdomen). ... Even the simple act of respiration, by moving the diaphragm up or down, may be crucial in determining whether intra-abdominal injury has occurred after a penetrating wound to the chest. Suspect intra-abdominal injury whenever penetrating trauma to the chest, abdomen, flanks, back or buttocks has occurred. ...
- Clues to intra-abdominal injury include shock out of proportion to known external or estimated (e. ...
- Indications listed in the ATLS protocols include temporary splinting and control of pelvic fractures with continuing hemorrhage and hypotension, and temporary support of patients with intra-abdominal hemorrhage and severe hypovolemia who are en route to the operating room or another facility. ...
- Evaluation - The patient with a rigid distended abdomen, or with other obvious signs of intra-abdominal injury should be taken straight to the operating room for control of hemorrhage. More commonly, the findings are subtle and the diagnosis of intra-abdominal injury uncertain. Up to 20% of patients with significant hemoperitoneum have a benign abdominal examination upon initial assessment. ...
- A major intra-abdominal injury (for example, a colon injury without significant blood loss) may be associated with a normal Hct, minimal elevation of the WBC, and a normal amylase and lipase. ...
- Special studies - Real-time ultrasound examination is emerging as a fast and noninvasive diagnostic modality that is especially applicable in blunt abdominal trauma. ...
- ATLS standards list the indications as those situations in which the abdominal examination is equivocal (fractures of the lumbar spine, rib fractures), unreliable (head injury, substance abuse), or impractical (planned prolonged surgical procedure for head injury). ...
- Gently agitate the abdomen to mix the fluid with any intra-abdominal fluid. ...
- A negative diagnostic peritoneal lavage virtually excludes significant intra-abdominal injury (with the exception of retroperitoneal structures; kidneys, retroperitoneal duodenum, pancreas, colorectum) and is especially useful when the patient will be inaccessible for a long period of time (for example during prolonged neurosurgical interventions). ...
- Probably most useful in cases of penetrating trauma where significant intra-abdominal injury cannot be excluded, but appears clinically doubtful. ...
- This allows an abdominal incision to be extended into the chest, or T-ed off laterally. ...
5. The Abdominal Training FAQ
- www.timbomb.net
- The Abdominal Training FAQ.
- The Abdominal Training Frequently Asked Questions list (FAQ) is intended as an introduction to the basic principles of training the abdominal area, sometimes known as the belly or the abs. ...
- Q12: Are there any special abdominal exercises during pregnancy? .
6. Clinical Preventive Services Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
- cpmcnet.columbia.edu
- Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm .
- There is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against routine screening of asymptomatic adults for abdominal aortic aneurysm with abdominal palpation or ultrasound. ...
- Approximately 8,700 deaths from abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) were reported in the U. ...
- Two tests, palpation of the abdomen during physical examination and abdominal ultrasound, have been seriously advocated as screening tests for AAA. ...
- 7,11 Diagnostic abdominal ultrasound is currently expensive in the U. ...
- At present, the only effective intervention available for patients with aneurysms is major abdominal surgery. ...
- The benefits of routine screening will depend on other parameters that merit further research: the proportion of clinically important aneurysms that are detected without screening; the sensitivity and specificity of abdominal palpation for detecting AAA in the primary care setting; risk factors for rapid growth or rupture of AAA; and long-term morbidity of patients undergoing elective surgery. ...
- 25 The authors concluded that a single screen for AAA by abdominal palpation might be considered cost-effective, but it would be of small clinical benefit (average increase in life expectancy of 0. ...
- There is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against routine screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms with abdominal palpation or ultrasound ("C" recommendation). ... Screening is not indicated for patients who are not appropriate candidates for major abdominal surgery (e. ... If screening is performed, it is not certain whether ultrasound or abdominal palpation is the preferred test. Abdominal palpation is less expensive but also less sensitive than ultrasound. ...
- Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms. ...
- Abdominal aortic aneurysm. ...
- Oxford screening program for abdominal aortic aneurysm in men aged 65 to 74 years. ...
- The epidemiology of abdominal aortic aneurysm. ...
7. The Journal of the American Society of Abdominal Surgeons
- www.abdominalsurg.org
- Journal Abdominal Surgery.
- The American Board of Abdominal Surgery.
- The American Society of Abdominal Surgeons.
- American Association of Abdominal Surgeons.
- American College of Abdominal Surgeons.
- American Academy of Abdominal Surgeons.
- International Board of Abdominal Surgeons.
- International College of Abdominal Surgeons.
8. Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
- www.dcmsonline.org
- Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms .
- Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) are a common clinical problem (Figure 1). ...
- Symptomatic aneurysms present with a diversity of signs and symptoms from vague abdominal pain to acute rupture, shock and death. ...
- 5 40,000 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms are repaired surgically every year. ...
- Pre-procedure evaluation is performed by a combination of contrast enhanced spiral CT and abdominal aortography with special marker catheters. ...
- Morphology of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.
- To accurately characterize the outcomes of endovascular therapy for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms and determine the place for this technology in AAA, a careful review of the available data must be undertaken. ...
- Prognosis of abdominal aortic aneurysm: a population-based study. ...
- Conventional repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm in the high-risk patient: a plea for abandonment of non-resective treatment. ...
- Wyffels P: Abdominal aortic aneurysms: natural history and surgical treatment. ...
- Treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms with the Endovascular Technologies tube and bifurcating endovascular grafting system: Technical aspects. ...
- Treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms with a Medtronic AneuRx endovascular grafting system: Techniques and problem solving. ...
- The need for clinical trials of endovascular abdominal aortic stent-graft repair: The Eurostar project. ...
- Transfemoral intraluminal graft implantation for abdominal aortic aneurysms. ...
9. The Abdominal Training FAQ
- www.timbomb.net
- The Abdominal Training FAQ.
- The Abdominal Training Frequently Asked Questions list (FAQ) is intended as an introduction to the basic principles of training the abdominal area, sometimes known as the belly or the abs. ...
- Q12: Are there any special abdominal exercises during pregnancy? .
- endless threads about abdominal training in misc. ...
- Getting visible abdominal muscles or "abs" depends on reducing the amount of fat covering the abs, see Question 3. ...
- Note that there aren't two separate muscles that you can truly isolate, so all the exercises stress the whole abdominal wall. ...
- Since most people want good abdominal tone more than freaky abdominal size, it probably makes sense to exercise the abs with lower intensity and more frequently, rather than with high intensity and less frequently. ...
- Q12: Are there any special abdominal exercises during pregnancy?.
- During pregnancy, abdominal exercises can help preserve muscle tone and take strain off the lower back. ...
- Postpartum moms should check their abdominal muscles for separation before starting any abdominal exercise program, because damage can be exacerbated by exercise if there is separation. Test this by pressing your fingers into the area by your belly button as you attempt to do an abdominal crunch. ...
- "My midwife cautioned against crunches after the belly rose above the pubic bone, saying that the stress this caused was a factor in abdominal separation. ...
- There are several types of abdominal machine provided in gyms and many more plastic varieties available in stores and via mail order. ...
- Shows over one hundred different exercises for the various abdominal muscles plus routines, diet and general advice. ...
10. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm May 1996; 27-3
- www.jr2.ox.ac.uk
- Skip navigation Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.
- Bandolier has been asked by a GP whether there is enough evidence about the effectiveness of screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) for it to be introduced into his practice. ...
- Those randomised to screening were invited for abdominal ultrasonographic scanning by letter from their family practice; one reminder was sent if there was no reply. ...
- Using a protocol involving abdominal palpation as a "screen" with ultrasound confirmation was estimated to gain 20 life-years in a 10,000 man cohort (60-79 years) at a cost of US$28,700 per life-year. ...
- Influence of screening on the incidence of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: 5-year results of a randomized controlled study. ...
- Natural history of abdominal aortic aneurysm detected by screening. ...
- Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm in men ages 60 to 80 years: a cost-effectiveness analysis. ...
11. Postgraduate Medicine: Weighing risks in abdominal aortic aneurysm
- www.postgradmed.com
- Weighing risks in abdominal aortic aneurysm.
- To identify factors involved in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms .
- To recognize cardiovascular disease as the leading cause of death after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair .
- Preview: Surgery is the only effective treatment for an abdominal aortic aneurysm. ...
- Weighing risks in abdominal aortic aneurysm: best repaired in an elective, not an emergency, procedure. ...
- Abdominal aortic aneurysms are an increasingly common condition in the United States and other Western countries. ... On average, 15,000 deaths per year are directly attributable to an abdominal aortic aneurysm, making it the 13th leading cause of death in the United States. Only 40% to 50% of patients with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm survive to receive treatment, and the average perioperative mortality rate is nearly 50% (3). ...
- Atherosclerosis has traditionally been considered the main cause of abdominal aortic aneurysms. ... The term "atherosclerotic" should be replaced by "degenerative" or "nonspecific" in describing abdominal aortic aneurysms, because multifactorial causes have been demonstrated in their formation. ...
- The anatomic and hemodynamic characteristics of the infrarenal abdominal aorta account, in part, for its being the most common site of aortic aneurysms. ...
- Most abdominal aortic aneurysms are asymptomatic, but patients may have various complaints, depending on the lesion's size and relation to intra-abdominal organs. ... Sometimes, patients become aware of abdominal pulsation, and this finding should receive instant attention. ...
- With a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, the classic presentation is abdominal or back pain, shock, and a pulsatile abdominal mass. In general, a pulsatile mass accompanied by abdominal, back, testicular, or groin pain indicates an expanding or ruptured aneurysm until proven otherwise. ...
- Similarly, patients with an inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm may present with acute pain but no evidence of hemodynamic instability. ...
12. Arch Intern Med -- Abstract: The Accuracy of Physical Examination to Detect Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, March 27, 2000, Fink et al. 160 (6): 833
- archinte.ama-assn.org
- The Accuracy of Physical Examination to Detect Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm .
- Background Abdominal palpation during physical examination is an important means of detecting abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), but limited information is available on its accuracy. ...
- Results The overall accuracy of abdominal palpation for detecting AAA was as follows: sensitivity, 68% (95% confidence interval CI , 60%-76%); specificity, 75% (95% CI, 68%-82%); positive likelihood ratio, 2. ... Sensitivity in subjects with an abdominal girth less than 100 cm (40-in waistline) was 91% vs 53% for girth of 100 cm or greater (P<. ... 58); abdominal girth (OR, 0. ...
- Conclusions Abdominal palpation has only moderate overall sensitivity for detecting AAA, but appears to be highly sensitive for diagnosis of AAAs large enough to warrant elective intervention in patients who do not have a large girth. Abdominal palpation has good sensitivity even in patients with a large girth if the aorta is palpable. ...
- Detection, Management, and Prospects for the Medical Treatment of Small Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.
- Frequency of Incomplete Abdominal Aorta Visualization by Emergency Department Bedside Ultrasound.
- Ultrasonographic Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.
- Prospective Study of Accuracy and Outcome of Emergency Ultrasound for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm over Two Years.
- How Accurate Is Physical Exam in Detecting Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?.
- How Accurate Is Physical Exam in Detecting Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?.
- Abdominal palpation had moderate sensitivity and specificity for detecting abdominal aortic aneurysm.
- Elevated Plasma Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: A Circulating Marker of Degenerative Aneurysm Disease.
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