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37. Nicolaus of Damascus, AUGUSTUS
- www.csun.edu
- (6) Caesar had by this time completed the wars in Europe, had conquered Pompey in Macedonia, had taken Egypt, had returned from Syria and the Euxine Sea, and was intending to advance in to Libya in order to put down what was left of war over there; and Octavius wanted to take the field with him in order that he night gain experience in the practice of war. ... It was plain that Caesar, out of solicitude for them, did not wish him to take the field yet, lest he might bring on illness to a weak body through changing his mode of life and thus permanently injure his health. ...
- (7) After finishing that war also, Caesar returned to Rome, having granted pardon to a very few of the captives who fell to him because they had not learned wisdom in the earlier wars. ... Although Octavius had never yet asked anything of Caesar he wanted to beg the prisoner off, but he hesitated because of modesty and at the same time because he saw how Caesar was disposed toward those who had been captured in that war. ...
- (8) After this Caesar celebrated his triumphs for the Libyan War and the others which he had fought; and he ordered the young Caesar, whom he had now adopted, and who was in a way a son even by nature, on account of the closeness of their relationship, to follow his chariot, having bestowed upon him military decorations, as if he had been his aide (syskenon) the war. ... Caesar already bore the rank of Imperator, which was the highest according to the Roman usage, and he was highly esteemed in the state. The boy, being his companion both at the theater and at the banquets, and seeing that he conversed kindly with him, as if with his own son, and having by this time become somewhat more courageous, when many of his friends and citizens asked him to intercede for them with Caesar, in matters in which they were in need of aid, looking out for the opportune moment he respectfully asked and was successful; and he became of great value to many of his kinsfolk, for he took care never to ask a favor at an inopportune time, nor when it was annoying to Caesar. ...
- (9) Caesar wished Octavius to have the experience of directing the exhibition of theatrical productions (for there were two theaters, the one Roman, over which he himself had charge, and the other Greek). ... Being very ill, every one felt considerable apprehension regarding him, lest a constitution such as his might suffer some mishap, and Caesar most of all. ...
- (10) While Octavius was convalescent, still weak physically though entirely out of danger, Caesar had to take the field on an expedition in which he had previously the intention of taking the boy. ... Many were eager to accompany him on account of his great promise but he rejected them all, even his mother herself, and selecting the speediest and strongest of his servants he hastened on his journey and with incredible dispatch he covered the long road and approached Caesar, who had already completed the whole war in the space of seven months.
- Not finding Caesar there, he had to endure more trouble and danger. He caught up with Caesar in Spain near the city of Calpia. Caesar embraced him as a son and welcomed him, for he had left him at home, ill, and he now unexpectedly saw him safe from both enemies and brigands. ... After this they had to sail for Carthago Nova, and arrangements were made whereby Octavius embarked in the same boat as Caesar, with five slaves, but, out of affection, he took three of his companions aboard in addition to the slaves, though he feared that Caesar would be angry when he found this out. However, the reverse was the case, for Caesar was pleased in that Octavius was fond of his comrades and he commended him because he always liked to have present with him men who were observant and who tried to attain to excellence; and because he was already giving no little thought to gaining a good reputation at home.
38. Decline of Library of Alexandria
- www.digital-brilliance.com
- Alexandria in the Time of Caesar .
- The apocryphal burning of the Library during Julius Caesar's occupation of the city has been described as the greatest calamity of the ancient world, wherein the most complete collection of all Greek and Near Eastern literature was lost in one great conflagration. ...
- 9 By the time of Julius Caesar's entry into Alexandria in 48 B. ... Alexandria in the Time of Caesar .
- Alexandria became the second stage for the civil wars of Caesar; here the double drama of Antony and Cleopatra, then Caesar and Cleopatra played before the skeptical populace. During the latter, Julius Caesar supported Cleopatra against her brother Ptolemy XIV, and was besieged by the latter's army and fleet in the Royal Precinct where was the Museum. ... Apparently, Livy stated that 400,000 rolls were destroyed when, after Caesar set fire to the docks to block Ptolemy's fleet, the flames consumed some nearby warehouses in which scrolls as well as grain were being kept. ... At any rate, Caesar was relieved by the arrival of the Roman fleet, and crushed and killed Ptolemy XIV in the battle of the delta, effectively conquering the kingdom. 12 Julius Caesar himself probably spent time in the Library during this period, since the Julian calander which he adopted, with twelve months, 365 days, and a leap year was identical to the Alexandrian Aristarchus' calandar of 239 B. ...
- , witnessed Caesar's "conquest" of Egypt and subsequent changes made in the Ptolemaic state. ...
- And this community has common funds, and a priest in charge of the Museum, who was appointed previously by the kings, but now by Caesar. ...
39. William Shakespeare's "Julius Caesar"
- www.entrenet.com
- William Shakespeare's Julius Caesar.
- Sources for the life of Caesar include biographies by Suetonius and Plutarch. ...
- Julius Caesar (100?-44 B. ... Caesar was a man of vision and versatility. Caesar wrote commentaries on the Gallic and Civil Wars. ... Caesar was born into a patrician family. ... Deprived of property and rank for refusing to divorce his wife, Caesar fled Rome. ...
- The Senate, influenced by Cato the Younger, refused Caesar's request to stand for the consulate, where upon Caesar refused the triumph granted to victorious generals and joined with the great general Pompey and the wealthy Crassus in the First Triumvirate. Caesar secured the consulate in 59. ... The German tribes in Transalpine Gaul were on the verge of seeking mastery of the territory, and for nine years Caesar was occupied with subduing them. ...
- In 54, however, Julia, daughter of Caesar and wife of Pompey, died. ... In league with the Senate, Pompey worked to undermine Caesar's power. In 49 Caesar, with one legion, crossed the Rubicon, a river on the northern boundary of Italy proper. Pompey fled to the East, where he was renowned, and Caesar overran all of Italy. After subduing Pompey's lieutenants in Spain, Caesar sailed to meet Pompey. ... In Egypt Caesar became involved in the Alexandrine War, which he successfully resolved in favour of Cleopatra. In 47 Caesar defeated Pharnaces II at Zile in Asia Minor and sent to Rome his succinct report, "Veni ,vidi, vici" (I came, I saw, I conquered). In 46 Caesar crushed the Pompeian forces that had united under Scipio in Africa. In Rome, in 46, Caesar celebrated his great triumphs and won the people with festivals, gifts, and games. ...
40. Caesar Augustus -- virgil.org
- www.virgil.org
- caesar.
- Caesar Augustus.
- Ancient accounts of Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. ...
- Julius Caesar.
- A companion to the Caesar Augustus pages: primary sources, background and images, modern essays and historical fiction. ...
41. Title: "Julius Caesar" - Topics: Drama/England; World/Ancient Rome
- www.teachwithmovies.org
- JULIUS CAESAR .
- Caesar is all-powerful in Rome. ...
- com Learning Guide to "Julius Caesar" will help teachers and parents use this film to introduce Shakespeare and to discuss a critical period in the history of Ancient Rome. ...
- To give you a sense of how our Learning Guides can be used by teachers as lesson plans and by parents to supplement school curriculum or for homeschooling, we have set out below a paragraph from the Learning Guide to "Julius Caesar". ...
- The complete Learning Guide to "Julius Caesar" also contains sections on the Benefits of the film, Possible Problems, Helpful Background, Discussion Questions, Links to the Internet, and Bridges to Reading. ...
42. SparkNotes: Julius Caesar
- www.sparknotes.com
- Home : English : Shakespeare Study Guides : Julius Caesar .
- Julius Caesar.
- Julius Caesar.
43. OUP: Oxford Shakespeare: Julius Caesar
- www.oup.co.uk
- The Oxford ShakespeareJulius Caesar.
- Julius Caesar's exciting plot, brilliant rhetoric, and searching characterisation have made it one of Shakespeare's most popular plays with both readers and theatre-goers. ...
44. Julius Caesar - Julius Cäsar
- www.stauffenburg.de
- Julius Caesar - Julius Cäsar .
45. Ancient History Sourcebook: Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): The Divine Augustus
- www.fordham.edu
- This family, as well as several in Rome, was admitted into the senate by Tarquinius Priscus, and soon afterwards placed by Servius Tullius among the patricians; but in process of time it transferred itself to the plebeian order, and, after the lapse of a long interval, was restored by Julius Caesar to the rank of patricians. ...
- After quitting Macedonia, before he could declare himself a candidate for the consulship, he died suddenly, leaving behind him a daughter, the elder Octavia, by Ancharia; and another daughter, Octavia the younger, as well as Augustus, by Atia, who was the daughter of Marcus Atius Balbus and of Julia, sister to Gaius Julius Caesar. ...
- He afterwards assumed the name of Gaius Caesar, and then of Augustus; the former in compliance with the will of his great-uncle, and the latter upon a motion of Munatius Plancus in the senate. ...
- Four years afterwards, having assumed the robe of manhood, he was honoured with several military rewards by Caesar in his African triumph, although he took no part in the war, on account of his youth. ... After the subjugation of Spain, while Caesar was meditating an expedition against the Dacians and Parthians, he was sent before him to Apollonia, where he applied himself to his studies; until receiving intelligence that his uncle was murdered, and that he was appointed his heir, he hesitated for some time whether he should call to his aid the legions stationed in the neighbourhood; but he abandoned the design as rash and premature. ...
- In the mean time, those whose province it was to prepare the sports in honour of Caesar's last victory in the civil war, not daring to do it, he undertook it himself. ... But the consul, Mark Antony, from whom he had expected the greatest assistance, opposing him in his suit, and even refusing to do him so much as common justice, unless gratified with a large bribe, he went over to the party of the nobles, to whom he perceived Antony to be odious, chiefly for endeavouring to drive Decimus Brutus, whom he besieged in the town of Modena, out of the province, which had been given him by Caesar, and confirmed to him by the senate. At the instigation of persons about him, he engaged some ruffians to murder his antagonist; but the plot being discovered, and dreading a similar attempt upon himself, he gained over Caesar's veteran soldiers, by distributing among them all the money he could collect. ...
- And now intoxicated with success, he sent the head of Brutus to be cast at the foot of Caesar's statue, and treated the most illustrious of the prisoners not only with cruelty, but with abusive language; insomuch that he is said to have answered one of them who humbly entreated that at least he might not remain unburied, That will be in the power of the birds. ... After this victory, dividing between them the offices of the state, Mark Antony undertook to restore order in the East, while Caesar conducted the veteran soldiers back to Italy, and settled them in colonies on lands belonging to the municipalities. ...
- For a common soldier having got into the seats of the equestrian order in the theatre, at the public spectacles, Caesar ordered him to be removed by an officer; and a rumour being thence spread by his enemies, that he had put the man to death by torture, the soldiers flocked together so much enraged, that he narrowly escaped with his life. ...
- Some authors write, that three hundred knights and senators, selected from the rest, were slaughtered, like victims, before an altar raised to Julius Caesar, upon the Ides of March. ...
- The eldest of Antony's two sons by Fulvia he commanded to be taken by force from the statue of Julius Caesar, to which he had fled, after many fruitless supplications for his life, and put him to death. The same fate attended Caesarion, Cleopatra's son by Caesar, as he pretended, who had fled for his life, but was retaken. ...
- He restored the calendar, which had been corrected by Julius Caesar, but through negligence was again fallen into confusion, to its former regularity; and upon that occasion, called the month Sextilis, by his own name, August, rather than September, in which he was born; because in it he had obtained his first consulship, and all his most considerable victories. ...
- He likewise removed the statue of Pompey from the senate-house, in which Gaius Caesar had been killed, and placed it under a marble arch, fronting the palace attached to Pompey's theatre.
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