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• datum-house. ...
• uk/datum-house/ .
• For more information contact webmaster@datum-house. ...

• proj datum errors .
• proj datum errors .
• > Also - I don't think datum transformations are supported. ... In my area (western wyoming) there is only about 1 > second of rotation between NAD27 and NAD83 so I have been able to manually > edit the headers for raster files and get a workable datum conversion for a > small area (a DRG). ... Otherwise, datum transforms are not support in 5. ...
• proj datum errors .

•    Datum FAQ.
• What's a datum? .
• Which datum should I use? .
• Properly documented maps will state clearly what projection (and datum) were used in their creation. ...
• What's a datum?.
• The short answer is - A datum is a fixed, three-dimensional surface, an oblate spheroid, that is approximately the size and shape of the Earth. ...
• The long answer is - Basically, a datum is an admission of failure. ... A datum is when surveyors all get together and agree to be wrong. ... Unfortunately, because the datum is wrong, and because it is fixed, as one moves away from this point, errors pile up. To eliminate these errors, the surveyor is eventually forced to switch to a different datum. ... Changing the datum changes the lat/long of a point on the surface of the Earth. ...
• One would then have a spheroid, that when used as a datum, would accurately map the entire Earth. ...
• Which datum should I use?.
• Whatever datum your existing latitude/longitude values use. ... The lat/long value of a place on the Earth's surface depends upon the datum used in its calculation. In other words, for a point on the Earth's surface, if one uses a different datum, one calculates a different lat/long value. The easiest way to determining what datum to use, is to examine the labels on your map. Properly documented maps will state clearly what datum (and projection) were used in their creation. ... If your maps don't have datum information on them, try contacting a local surveyor. ... In those cases where you have mixed datum lat/long data, choose one, and use a good program to convert all of your data to reference a single datum.

•   webgod@carpe-datum. ...

• An updated explanation of the Geocentric Datum of Australia (GDA) and its effects upon future mapping.
• The implementation of the Geocentric Datum of Australia (GDA) is proceeding, with its nation-wide implementation recommended by the year 2000. This involves an approximate 200-metre change from existing Australian Geodetic Datum (AGD) coordinates. ...
• Since writing the original version in early-1994, the ICSM resolved to adopt the Geocentric Datum of Australia 1994 (GDA94) at its November 1994 meeting, necessitating that these revisions be made. ...
• Current national mapping in Australia uses the Australian Map Grid 1966 (AMG66) and 1984 (AMG84), which are projections of geographical coordinates from the Australian Geodetic Datum 1966 (AGD66) and 1984 (AGD84) respectively, see NMC (1986). A change from the AGD66 and AGD84 to the Geocentric Datum of Australia (GDA) was recommended at the inaugural meeting of the Inter-governmental Committee on Surveying and Mapping in July 1988 (ICSM, 1990, 1991a, 1991b). This new earth-centred datum will be used for future mapping and nautical charting of Australia and its offshore islands. ...
• Known geographical coordinates, namely latitude and longitude, comprise the datum and are referenced to the surface of the spheroid. ...
• The geographical coordinates of known points in the region to be mapped comprise the datum. Therefore, there is a distinction between the spheroid and the datum: The spheroid is a geometrical reference surface, whereas the datum is the adopted coordinate set, which is based on a particular spheroid. Therefore, not all geographical latitudes and longitudes of the same surface location are equal, but depend upon the spheroid and coordinate datum to which they are referenced. ...
• The available geodetic observations are then adjusted, in a least squares sense, to form the regional datum based on that reference spheroid. ...
• Furthermore, a global network of accurately positioned ground stations comprises a global datum, called the IERS's (International Earth Rotation Service's) Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF). ...
• The ITRF92 is a more recent datum than the WGS84 datum and is considered to be an improvement upon WGS84. ... In fact, the WGS84 datum was modified in early 1994 and is now coincident with the ITRF92 at the 10cm level (Malays and Slater, 1994). Therefore, for all practical purposes, the GDA is fully compatible with GPS in terms of spheroid and datum. ...

• THE ALLEGED FALLACY OF THE SENSE-DATUM INFERENCE.
• In this paper I wish to examine Chisholm's attempt at refuting what he calls the sense-datum inference. His earliest attack on the sense-datum inference appears in "The Theory of Appearing. "1 Chisholm claims here that what he calls "the sense-datum inference" is a fallacy. Similar attacks on the sense-datum inference recur in his Perceiving and his Theory of Knowledge. ... Despite this, if any version of the sense-datum inference survives his attacks, then Chisholm has not shown that the sense-datum inference in all its forms is a fallacy. I will defend the validity of one form of the sense-datum inference. ...
• Given the present ferment of anti-foundational writings, it may be Chisholm's strategic ploy to minimize the difference between the sense-datum position and his own adverbial view. ... Where the first edition was keen on refuting the sense-datum inference, the third edition is silent about the topic. Whatever Chisholm's present thoughts on the subject, in his earlier writings he was vehemently against the validity of the sense-datum inference. ...
• The attack is succinctly formulated in the following passage: The sense-datum philosopher contends that from statements in the language of appearing we can deduce statements in the sense-datum language. ... We may call this the sense-datum inference. And we may say that the sense-datum theory is the view which countenances this inference, whereas the theory of appearing is the view which does not. ...
• Let me comment on these two reasons for rejecting the sense-datum inference. ...
• He rather discusses only the inadvisability of the sense-datum hypothesis. And he offers two reasons against the accepting the sense-datum hypothesis: (1) In accepting it, he writes, "we multiply entities beyond necessity;" and (2) we create a host of recalcitrant metaphysical problems. ...

• Datum .
• The "Earth Model" and reference points used to prepare a map are collectively called a "datum".
• The origin for the "North American Datum of 1927" is a marker at "Meades Ranch" in Kansas. Most USGS maps still use this datum, which your GPS receiver may call "NAD27-CONUS". ...
• A newer datum, the "World Geodetic System of 1984" (WGS84), covers the globe in one coordinate system, with the center of the Earth as the origin.
• Using the wrong US datum with a US map, coordinates can be off by up to 300 meters (1/5 mile). Other datum mismatches can cause far greater position errors.
• Datum & GPS .
• To use a map and GPS receiver together, set your receiver to use the same datum as your map (usually NAD27-CONUS). ...
• Note that you may also need to set the datum for the GPS interface software, which "downloads" data from your GPS unit.

• NATIONAL TIDAL DATUM EPOCH (1983-2001) UPDATE.
• The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service (NOS) is updating the nation's tidal datums to a new National Tidal Datum Epoch (NTDE) to reflect changes in mean sea level along the nation's coast. ...
• The new NTDE will provide up-to-date tidal datum information available for applications that are essential to support NOAA's strategic programs, as well as other Federal, State and private sector coastal zone activities. ...
• A tidal datum is a vertical reference based on a specific stage of tide which serves as a baseline elevation to which sounding depths or topographic heights are referenced. ... The NTDE has been adopted so that tidal datum determinations throughout the United States will be based on one specific common reference period. ...

• You are here: Home > Geodesy > Geocentric Datum of Australia GDA .
• Updated:  20 May 2003 Geocentric Datum of Australia GDA .
• The Geocentric Datum of Australia (GDA) is the new Australian coordinate system, replacing the Australian Geodetic Datum (AGD).
• When the NMC adopted the AGD84 coordinate set in 1984, it "recognised the need for Australia to eventually adopt a geocentric datum. " This was further recognised in 1988 when ICSM "recommended the adoption of an appropriate geocentric datum by 1 January 2000".
• Datum: .
• Geocentric Datum of Australia (GDA).
• Geocentric Datum of Australia 1994 (GDA94).

• NGA > Products and Services > Geospatial Sciences Division > Datum Transformations Submit Datum Transformation Parameters .
• You may submit datum transformation parameters and supporting information by .
• Datum transformation method (e. ...
•     2) Local datum latitude, longitude, “mean sea level” or ellipsoidal height (if used), and accuracy estimates. ...

• Datum Datum-Digital. ...

• What Is The Geocentric Datum? .
• Introduction of the Geocentric Datum of Australia, GDA 94.
• On January 1st 2000, GDA 94 will be adopted by the states and territories of Australia as the official datum for all spatially related data. ...
• What Is The Geocentric Datum?.
• A geocentric datum is a reference system that has as its origin the Earth’s centre of mass, and is the best fitting reference surface for the whole earth. ...
• The adoption of a geocentric datum allows for a single standard for the collection, storage and use of geographic data, ensuring compatibility across various geographic information systems at the local, national and global level. ...
• The current Australian Geocentric datum (AGD 84) is based on a mathematical surface of the Earth designed to fit the local Australian region. ...

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