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1. Languages of India
- www.indiansaga.info
- Dravidian.
- Dravidian.
- Early Dravidian.
- The languages of southern India make up the Dravidian family. Speakers of Dravidian languages also group together in parts of India where northern languages predominate. About 250 million of India's people speak Dravidian languages.
- Dravidian languages form a group by themselves, and unlike the Aryan, Austric or Sino-Tibetan speeches, have no relation outside the Indian subcontinent, that is, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The Dravidian family is the second largest group in India, covering about 25% of the total Indian population. ...
- The outstanding languages of the Dravidian group are: .
- Telugu, the state language of Andhra Pradesh, numerically the biggest of the Dravidian languages. ...
- Tamil, the state language of Tamil Nadu, apparently the oldest and the purest branch of the Dravidian family. ...
- Kannada (also called Canarese), the state language of Karnataka, another ancient Dravidian language that has developed individually. ...
- Malayalam, the state language of Kerala, the smallest and the youngest of the Dravidian family.
- The Dravidian languages form a completely separate group from the Indo-European languages, although they too have borrowed many words from Sanskrit. The four main Dravidian languages i. ... Dravidians have lived in the area for at least 4,500 years, and Dravidian languages have a recorded history of more than 2,000 years. Speakers of Dravidian languages feel a strong sense of cultural unity. ...
2. Dravidian Sites by DalitNet
- www.dalitstan.org
- Dravidian Sites .
- Dravidian Organisations .
- Liberal splinter of the Dravidian movement. ...
- Dravidian Publications .
- Dravidian Websites .
- Comprehensive site on the Aryan-Dravidian war in Lanka. ...
- Comprehensive site on the Aryan-Dravidian war in Lanka. ...
- Dravidian Religion (Shaivism) .
- Revival Movement for Dravidian Religion .
- Reviving the Dravidian relgiion, submerged under Hinduism. ...
3. Dravidian languages
- www.websign.sk
- Dravidian languages .
- The Dravidian family of .
- html' title='Dravidian languages article @ Euro Online Encyclopedia'>Dravidian languages</a>.
- html' title='Dravidian languages article @ Euro Online Encyclopedia'>Dravidian languages</a> <br> article at <a href='http://www. ...
- The Dravidian family of languages includes approximately 75 languages that are mainly spoken in southern India and Sri Lanka. Dravidian languages are spoken by more than 200 million people, and they appear to be unrelated to languages of other known families. (A relationship with the ancient Mesopotamian language Elamite ? has been suggested, and some versions of the Nostratic theory include Dravidian. ...
- The Dravidian language family was first described in 1816 by Francis Ellis ? , a British civil servant who recognized the relationship between the four literary languages as well as Tulu, Kodagu and Malto. ... We may presume that proto-Dravidian was the language of all of India before ca. ...
- Prominent Dravidian languages include: .
- Among the Dravidian languages "Tamil" (pronounced as "Thamizh") has the richest and oldest literature (about 5000 years old), and it's still followed by all Tamils. ... Phonetically, Dravidian languages are notably characterized by a three-way distinction between dental ? , alveolar, and retroflex ? places of articulation. ...
- Dravidian languages page in SIL Ethnologue (http://www. ... asp?name=Dravidian&subid=1157). ...
4. Dravidian@Everything2.com
- www.everything2.com
- Dravidian.
- Major Dravidian languages include Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada, and Telugu. ...
- It is possible that the undeciphered ancient language on the seals of the Harappan civilization was also Dravidian; this would fit the above spread, but there is no direct evidence for it. ...
- ) It is likely that Sanskrit adopted the retroflex series from Dravidian. ...
- In recent years it has been tentatively established that the language of ancient Elam, just to the east of Sumer at the head of the Persian Gulf, is distantly related, and the larger family may be referred to as Elamo-Dravidian. ...
- The Dravidian languages of today are spoken primarily in South India, though it is believed to be the language of the Indus Valley Civilization in present day Pakistan and North-West India. ... The best known North Dravidian language is Brahui, a language spoken in Baluchistan, part of modern-day Pakistan. It is written in Arabic script and supports the theory that the Indus Valley Civilization was Dravidian. ... The only exception is Telugu, the most spoken Dravidian language in the world. ... Tamil is famous for its ancient literature and for retaining the most Dravidian words. ...
- The Dravidian languages have an affinity for liquids and are inflected languages. Some people have suggested that the Dravidian language group may be distantly related to the Finno-Ugric language group, but there exists little evidence to support this conclusion. Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil and Telugu are the only Dravidian "national languages" of India. ...
- Dravidian languages, a group of languages of Southern India, which seem to have been the idioms of the natives, before the invasion of tribes speaking Sanskrit. ...
5. ninemsn Encarta - Dravidian Languages
- au.encarta.msn.com
- Search Encarta about Dravidian Languages.
- Search ninemsn for Web sites about Dravidian Languages.
- Editors' ChoicesGreat books about your topic, Dravidian Languages, selected by Encarta editorsClick here.
- Dravidian Languages.
- Dravidian Languages, important family of languages spoken mainly in southern India and northern Sri Lanka. ... Each of the major Dravidian languages has its own distinctive script and a well-developed literature. The Dravidian languages can be subdivided as follows: North (Kurukh or Oraon); Central (Kolami); South-Central (Gondi, Koya, Kui, Telugu); South (Kannada, Kodagu or Coorgi, Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu); and one set of nine unclassified languages. According to the 1991 Census of India, these Dravidian languages had the following numbers of native speakers (in descending order): Telugu, 66,017,615; Tamil, 53,006,368; Kannada, 32,753,676; Malayalam, 30,377,176; Gondi, 2,124,852; Tulu, 1,552,259; Kurukh/Oraon, 1,426,618; Kui, 641,662; Koya, 270,994; Kolami, 98,281; and Kodagu/Coorgi, 97,011. Thus the Dravidian family constitutes one of the most populous language families in India, as does the Indo-Aryan (a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages).
- Since some of the minor Dravidian languages are spoken in the far north-east and north-west of India, linguists have reason to suppose that this family formerly covered a much greater area than it does today. It is thought by some scholars that the process of subdivision of Proto-Dravidian into distinctive languages began about 4000 bc, with Malayalam separating most recently, about ad 1000.
- As a written language of learning, Sanskrit seems to have exerted strong influence even on the earliest known Dravidian language, and in the modern Malayalam, Kannada, and Telugu languages, Sanskrit loanwords retain the four distinctions between stop consonants that are characteristic of Indo-Aryan but not of Dravidian.
- General characteristics of the Dravidian languages include agglutination; gender distinction among nouns, but only partially among pronouns, into masculine, feminine (animates), and neuter (inanimates); neuter nouns not generally having a plural form; the use of postpositions rather than prepositions; heavy use of relative participles as adjectives; distinctive first person plural pronouns inclusive and exclusive of addressee; absence of a true passive voice; and negative and positive forms of the verb.
- How to cite this article: "Dravidian Languages," Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2005http://au. ...
6. Asko Parpola 6: Sanskrit or Dravidian?
- www.harappa.com
- Sanskrit or Dravidian?.
- There are several structural and lexical Dravidisms even in the Rgveda, the earliest preserved text collection, pointing to the presence of Dravidian speakers in Northwest India in the second millennium B. ... The 25 Dravidian languages spoken at present form the second largest linguistic family of South Asia. Until recently, about one quarter of the entire population has spoken Dravidian, while the speakers of Austro-Asiatic, the third largest linguistic family of long standing in South Asia, numbered just a few per cent. The Indus language is likely to have belonged to the North Dravidian sub-branch represented today by the Brahui, spoken in the mountain valleys and plateaus of Afghanistan and Baluchistan, the core area of the Early Harappan neolithic cultures, and by the Kurukh spoken in North India from Nepal and Madhya Pradesh to Orissa, Bengal and Assam. ...
7. On Dravidian Languages
- www.scar.utoronto.ca
- On Dravidian Languages.
- "Aspectogenesis in South Dravidian: On the Origin of the 'Compound Continuative' KONTIRU. ...
- "'Yesterday', ÔTodayÕ, and ÔTomorrowÕ in Dravidian. ...
- "A Note on South Dravidian Past Tense. ...
- "The Role of Aspect in the Dravidian Simple Verb. ...
- Analysis to Synthesis: The Development of Complex Verb Morphology in the DRavidian Languages. ...
- "Dravidian and Mongolian: Summary of Results. ...
8. Open Directory - Science:Social Sciences:Linguistics:Languages:Natural:Dravidian:Kannada
- dmoz.org
- Top: Science: Social_Sciences: Linguistics: Languages: Natural: Dravidian: Kannada .
9. Dravidian languages
- www.termsdefined.net
- terms defined : Dravidian languages .
- The Dravidian family of languages includes approximately 75 languages that are mainly spoken in southern India and Sri Lanka. ...
- The Dravidian family of languages includes approximately 75 languages that are mainly spoken in southern India and Sri Lanka. Dravidian languages are spoken by more than 200 million people, and they appear to be unrelated to languages of other known families. (A relationship with the ancient Mesopotamian language Elamite ? has been suggested, and some versions of the Nostratic theory include Dravidian. ...
- The Dravidian language family was first described in 1816 by Francis Ellis ? , a British civil servant who recognized the relationship between the four literary languages as well as Tulu, Kodagu and Malto. ... We may presume that proto-Dravidian was the language of all of India before ca. ...
- Prominent Dravidian languages include: .
- Among the Dravidian languages "Tamil" (pronounced as "Thamizh") has the richest and oldest literature (about 5000 years old), and it's still followed by all Tamils. ... Phonetically, Dravidian languages are notably characterized by a three-way distinction between dental ? , alveolar, and retroflex ? places of articulation. ...
- Dravidian languages page in SIL Ethnologue (http://www. ... asp?name=Dravidian&subid=1157). ...
10. Materials for A Bibliography of Dravidian Linguistics, Part 3. Appendix 1: Book Reviews.
- ccat.sas.upenn.edu
- Materials for A Bibliography of Dravidian Linguistics, Part 3. ...
- Emeneau, A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary. ...
- Emeneau, A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary. ...
- : Middle Dravidian Morphology BSL, 43, 2, 1947. ...
- Emeneau, Kolami a Dravidian Language. ...
- Bhattacharya, Ollari, a Dravidian Speech. ...
- Kolami, a Dravidian Language. ...
- Bhahacharya, Ollari, a Dravidian Speech. ...
- Emeneau, A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary. ...
- Bloch, The Grammatical Structure of the Dravidian Languages. ...
- Emeneau, A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary. ...
- Emeneau, Kolami, a Dravidian Language. ...
- Emeneau, A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary. ...
- Emeneau, Dravidian and Indian linguistics -BSO(A)S, 2, 26, 1963. ...
- A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary. ...
- Brahui and Dravidian Comparative Grammar. ...
11. IndiaStudyCenter.com - Dravidian University, Chitoor - Courses & Admission Information
- www.indiastudycenter.com
- Home / Colleges & Universities / Andhra Pradesh / Chitoor / Dravidian University .
- Universities in Andhra Pradesh Andhra University (AU) Acharya N G Ranga Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University Dr B R Ambedkar Open University (BROU) Dravidian University Kakatiya University (KU) Sri Krishnadevaraya University (SKU) Sri Venkateswara University (SVU) Sri Padmavathi Mahila Viswa Vidyalayam Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Anantapur Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University (JNTU) NALSAR University of Law, Hyderabad Nagarjuna University (NU) NTR University of Health Sciences Osmania University (OU) Osmania University - PGRR Center for Distance Education Potti Sreeramulu Telugu University (PSTU) Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth, Tirupati University of Hyderabad (UoH), Hyderabad Join Discussions Join Discussions on Universities in Andhra Pradesh Chitoor. ...
- Distance Education Study Centers in Chittoor Dravidian University .
- Dravidian University .
- Dravidian University - Affiliations & Recongitions .
- Who's Who at Dravidian University .
- Post Graduate Courses at Dravidian University - Semester System .
- Research Programmes at Dravidian University - M. ...
- Comparative Dravidina Literature Dravidian Philosophy Folklore and Tribal Studies History, Archeology & Culture .
- Under-Graduate at Dravidian University - Yearly System .
- Diploma Courses at Dravidian University - One Year .
- Certificate Courses at Dravidian University - Six Months .
- Dravidian University - Admission Information 2004 .
- 120/- draw in in favour of the Registrar, Dravidian University, Kuppam – 517425 on any nationalized bank payable at Kuppam either in person or by post. ...
12. Urantia Book, Paper 79: Section 3 -- Dravidian India
- www.urantiabook.org
- Dravidian India .
- 1 The blending of the Andite conquerors of India with the native stock eventually resulted in that mixed people which has been called Dravidian. ...
- 2 Not long after conquering India, the Dravidian Andites lost their racial and cultural contact with Mesopotamia, but the later opening up of the sea lanes and the caravan routes re-established these connections; and at no time within the last ten thousand years has India ever been entirely out of touch with Mesopotamia on the west and China to the east, although the mountain barriers greatly favored western intercourse. ...
- 3 The superior culture and religious leanings of the peoples of India date from the early times of Dravidian domination and are due, in part, to the fact that so many of the Sethite priesthood entered India, both in the earlier Andite and in the later Aryan invasions. ...
- 6 The Dravidian centers of culture were located in the river valleys, principally of the Indus and Ganges, and in the Deccan along the three great rivers flowing through the Eastern Ghats to the sea. ...
- camel trains were making regular trips to distant Mesopotamia; Dravidian shipping was pushing coastwise across the Arabian Sea to the Sumerian cities of the Persian Gulf and was venturing on the waters of the Bay of Bengal as far as the East Indies. ...
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