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1. Facilitated Diffusion
- tidepool.st.usm.edu
- Animation Depicting Facilitated Diffusion.
- Facilitated Diffusion.
- During facilitated diffusion, materials move in the direction one would predict based on knowledge of the electrochemical gradient. ... The precise mechanism for facilitated diffusion is obscure. ...
2. Vermont Facilitated Communication Network
- www.uvm.edu
- Vermont Facilitated Communication Network.
- The mission of the Vermont Facilitated Communication Network is to support the use of facilitated communication (FC) in Vermont by providing education, training and technical assistance, developing resources, disseminating information, and guiding the development and use of best practices. What is Facilitated Communication?.
- Facilitated Communication (F/C) is a technique used to help some persons with limited or no speech to communicate by typing or pointing. ...
- If you are, or know an individual who is currently using facilitated communication, or someone who is interested in learning more about facilitated communication, the Vermont Facilitated Communication Network is available for training, technical assistance and support.
- In order to maximize our resources and build capacity for support, the Vermont Facilitated Communication Network can assist in the organization of regional groups for the purpose of training and support. ...
- The commitment of time and energy is essential for success with facilitated communication as it is a long-term process. ...
- Click here to see the Facilitated Communication Training Practice Guidelines. ...
- Click here to go to our List of Links to other Facilitated Communication sites.
- Facilitated Communication.
3. Facilitated Communication
- soeweb.syr.edu
- INQUIRIES FOR INFORMATION ABOUT FACILITATED COMMUNICATION .
- OPPORTUNITIES FOR TRAINING IN FACILITATED COMMUNICATION.
- Facilitated communication is an alternative means of expression for people who cannot speak, or whose speech is highly limited (e. ...
- Established at Syracuse University in 1992, the Facilitated Communication Institute conducts research, public education, training and scholarly seminars. It was created as a way of bringing together the research community, people with disabilities, their families, and practicing professionals to examine, learn about, and share information on facilitated communication.
- If you would like more information from the Facilitated Communication Institute, contact: Facilitated Communication Institute Syracuse University.
4. Facilitated Communication (FC) Coalition of Indiana
- www.bloomington.in.us
- Facilitated Communication Coalition.
- We promote and support the use of Facilitated Communication (F. ... Through the provision of guidelines, resources, advocacy, training and technical assistance, the Facilitated Communication Coalition of Indiana supports the technique of facilitated communication, the people who use FC, and the people who directly and/or indirectly support facilitated communication.
- WHAT IS FACILITATED COMMUNICATION?.
- The Facilitated Communication Institute (Syracuse University, New York)- The FCI is an organization that pursues three primary goals: 1)Training; 2)Public education and awareness and; 3)Research in the area of facilitated communication.
- Vermont Facilitated Communication Network .
- Facilitated Communication in Washington State .
5. Facilitated Communication: Sifting the Psychological Wheat from the Chaff
- www.psychologymatters.org
- Facilitated Communication: Sifting the Psychological Wheat .
- This program, known as facilitated communication, promised to revolutionize the way people treated debilitating conditions such as autism and profound mental retardation. The idea behind facilitated communication was that many people with autism or severe mental retardation actually possess normal levels of intelligence. The problem, advocates of facilitated communication argued, is that these conditions simply prevent people from expressing themselves (because of verbal or motor deficits). ...
- Could this be true? Advocates of facilitated communication thought so, and they produced what initially appeared to be remarkable evidence in favor of their position. ...
- Researchers who observed the facilitation process sometimes observed that those who were presumably being facilitated often answered questions when they were not looking at their typewriters or letter boards. ...
- The short version of this long story is that study after study showed that facilitated communication didn’t really work. ... Based on the findings of carefully controlled studies of facilitated communication, the American Psychological Association issued a resolution in 1994 that there was “no scientifically demonstrated support for its efficacy. ...
- Facilitator-suggested conversational evaluation of facilitated communication. ...
- Facilitated communication since 1995: A review of published studies. ...
- Evaluating the facilitated communications of people with developmental disabilities. ...
- American Psychological Association Resolution on Facilitated Communication.
6. Facilitate Diffusion Animation
- bio.winona.msus.edu
- Facilitated Diffusion Animation (Passive Transport).
- Shown to the right is an animation which illustrates protein mediated, facilitated diffusion out of a cell. ... Other mechanisms of facilitated diffusion are also possible. When we are dealing with facilitated diffusion, the protein allows molecules or ions to enter or leave the cell moving DOWN their concentration gradient. ... Note that no ATP or ion gradient is involved with facilitated diffusion.
- You might ask, "When does a cell let materials diffuse out using a facilitated diffusion system? A good example of this situation is found in the liver cells which control the concentration of glucose in the blood. ... However, there is a transport protein which functions by facilitated diffusion which allows glucose to freely pass back and forth across the membrane.
7. FC Project
- aztec.asu.edu
- The Facilitated Communication (FC) Project was founded in the greater Phoenix area in 1993 to offer a variety of training and consultation services to persons involved with facilitated communication, including parents, professionals, and individuals with motoric and communication differences. Facilitated communication is a training technique for individuals who cannot use a communication device on their own. ...
- to provide training in the technique of facilitated communication, .
- to provide support to families and individuals who are facilitating, including information sharing through lectures, discussions, and access to an extensive archive of video and audio tapes, and articles regarding facilitated communication, .
- Facilitated Communication Institute .
- Journal Articles on Facilitated Communication .
8. Facilitated Communication
- www.cqc.state.ny.us
- Facilitated Communication.
- Facilitated communication has been hailed by some as a habilitative tool; by others, it has been called a "hoax. " Whatever the point of view, facilitated communication has confronted considerable resistance and is the focus of heated debate among many people_clinicians, researchers, educators, family/friends, and individuals themselves. ...
- What is Facilitated Communication?.
- One of the most well-known early encounters with facilitated communication was Rosemary Crossley's use of the technique in Australia during the 1970s (Crossley, 1992). ... Douglas Biklen of Syracuse University who brought facilitated communication to life in the United States in the 1980s and popularized its use with individuals with disabilities, most notably autism. ...
- Over the years, the term "facilitated communication" has evolved, but it can be defined as "a method of facilitating expressive communication. ...
- The issue that has become the center of the facilitated communication controversy relates to the extent to which the communication of a person receiving physical assistance is truly independent (Hudson, Melita, and Arnold, 1993). ...
- While he has recently modified his position, Biklen and other proponents of facilitated communication have been strongly opposed to objective, empirical validity testing. ...
- According to Smith and Belcher (1993), much excitement generated by facilitated communication revolves around the notion that the individual really does not have mental retardation, as revealed by his/her facilitated communication. ...
- Thompson (1993) describes facilitated communication as a classic example of the self-fulfilling prophecy. ...
- In short, people want facilitated communication to work. ...
- (From, Center for Community Inclusion Compilation) Advocates of facilitated communication often respond to naysayers, "It can't hurt to try it. ...
- Others are less optimistic about the potential benefits of facilitated communication. ... Additionally, facilitated communication in the past few years has been the source of many contested abuse allegations, usually allegedly reported by an individual with very limited unassisted communication skills against a family caregiver or caregivers. ...
- involving allegations of sexual abuse produced through facilitated communication (Berger, 1994). ...
9. facilitated diffusion
- academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu
- Facilitated diffusion.
- Facilitated diffusion is a process whereby a substance passes through a membrane with a aid of an intermediary or a facilitator. ...
10. Hypertext in the Computer-Facilitated Writing Class
- english.ttu.edu
- Hypertext in the Computer-Facilitated Writing Class.
- In this essay, I am most interested in the application of hypertext as a computer-facilitated medium of composition and communication to the computer-aided writing class.
- Thus, even computer-facilitated classrooms which have no access to email (much less MUDs or electronic discussion groups) can move computer-facilitated pedagogy from simply using word-processors in class to providing a collaborative, interactive mode of composition by using hypertext. ...
- Hypertext can be used in nearly any computer-facilitated classroom.
11. Facilitated Communication - Montee et al. (1995)
- seab.envmed.rochester.edu
- AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF FACILITATED COMMUNICATION See Footnote 1 .
- We evaluated the authorship of messages produced through facilitated communication by 7 adults with moderate or severe mental retardation and their facilitators. The clients had been reported to be communicating fluently through facilitated communication. ... These results provide unequivocal evidence for facilitator control of typing during facilitated communication.
- DESCRIPTORS: facilitated communication, mentally retarded adults, control, communication .
- Facilitated communication is a procedure in which a facilitator uses some degree of physical assistance to help a client spell out messages by touching letters on a letter display (Biklen, 1990). ... According to Biklen and others (Biklen, 1990, 1992, 1993a; Biklen & Schubert, 1991; Crossley, 1992), the use of facilitated communication has produced unexpected literacy in individuals previously thought to be seriously intellectually impaired. Biklen maintains that individuals with autism suffer from a neurological disorder called dyspraxia, which interferes with the production of speech, and that facilitated communication allows autistic individuals to overcome this condition and communicate at a level that suggests that they are not intellectually impaired. Although facilitated communication was developed for individuals with autism, it is widely used with individuals with other developmental disabilities (e. ...
- Subsequent to the introduction of facilitated communication, a number of researchers published papers questioning the validity of the procedure (e. ... These authors maintained that Biklen and other proponents of facilitated communication had provided no experimental proof of unexpected literacy and that facilitator control of the typing was the most plausible explanation for the messages typed during facilitated communication sessions. Following the publication of these criticisms, a number of researchers published experimental studies that demonstrated facilitator control of the typing in facilitated communication (for a review, see Green, 1994).
- Wheeler, Jacobson, Paglieri, and Schwartz (1993) conducted a study in which clients, who had reportedly demonstrated unexpected literacy through the use of facilitated communication, were shown pictures and asked to type the names of the pictures using facilitated communication. ...
- In each study, the researchers controlled the facilitator's access to information to be typed by the client during facilitated communication sessions (e. ...
- Although a growing body of experimental research casts grave doubts about the validity of facilitated communication (e. ... Biklen (1993b) claims that (a) experimental arrangements cause clients to become anxious or resistant in facilitated communication sessions, thus impairing their performance; (b) testing destroys the rapport and trusting relationship between the client and facilitator, which also impairs performance; (c) facilitators were not adequately trained in experimental studies; (d) clients had not been in facilitated communication training long enough to be tested; and (e) the autistic subjects in experimental studies had word-finding difficulties (aphasia) and, therefore, that naming pictures or activities is not a valid way to evaluate facilitated communication. Although Green (1994) argued that the criticisms leveled by Biklen and others are baseless and lacking in validity themselves, these criticisms are embraced by facilitated communication users who reject the results of experimental research.
12. Facilitated Diffusion
- arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu
- Facilitated Diffusion: Carrier Proteins and Ion Channels.
- Their transport must therefore be "facilitated" by proteins that span the membrane and provide an alternative route or bypass. Facilitated diffusion is the name given this process. ...
- Two major groups of integral membrane proteins are involved in facilitated diffusion: .
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