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1. UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON INDEPENDENT GUARANTEES AND STAND-BY ...
- www.uncitral.org
- UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON INDEPENDENT GUARANTEES AND STAND-BY LETTERS OF CREDIT.
- EXPLANATORY NOTE BY THE UNCITRAL SECRETARIAT ON THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON INDEPENDENT GUARANTEES AND STAND-BY LETTERS OF CREDIT .
- Coverage of counter-guarantees and confirmations C. ...
- UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON INDEPENDENT GUARANTEES AND STAND-BY LETTERS OF CREDIT .
- (a) Dependent upon the existence or validity of any underlying transaction, or upon any other undertaking (including stand-by letters of credit or independent guarantees to which confirmations or counter-guarantees relate); or (b) Subject to any term or condition not appearing in the undertaking, or to any future, uncertain act or event except presentation of documents or another such act or event within a guarantor/issuer's sphere of operations. ...
- In the interpretation of this Convention, regard is to be had to its international character and to the need to promote uniformity in its application and the observance of good faith in the international practice of independent guarantees and stand-by letters of credit. ...
- (1) In discharging its obligations under the undertaking and this Convention, the guarantor/issuer shall act in good faith and exercise reasonable care having due regard to generally accepted standards of international practice of independent guarantees or stand-by letters of credit. ...
- United Nations Convention on Independent Guarantees and Stand-by Letters of Credit*.
- The United Nations Convention on Independent Guarantees and Stand-by Letters of Credit was adopted and opened for signature by the General Assembly by its resolution 50/48 of 11 December 1995. ...
- The Convention is particularly designed to facilitate the use of independent guarantees and stand-by letters of credit where only one or the other of those instruments is traditionally in use. ... In order to emphasize the common umbrella of rules provided for both independent guarantees and stand-by letters of credit and to overcome divergences that may exist in terminology, the Convention uses the neutral term "undertaking" to refer to both types of instruments. ...
- Also, by making a single legal regime available to both independent guarantees and stand-by letters of credit, the Convention will facilitate the issuance of both instruments in combination with each other, for example, the issuance of a stand-by letter of credit to support the issuance of a guarantee, or the reverse case. ...
- The Convention gives legislative support to the autonomy of the parties to apply agreed rules of practice such as the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (UCP), formulated by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), or other rules that may evolve to deal specifically with stand-by letters of credit, and the Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees (URDG, also formulated by ICC). ... Furthermore, the deference of the Convention to the specific terms of independent guarantees and stand-by letters of credit, including any rules of practice incorporated therein, enables the Convention to work in tandem with rules of practice such as UCP and URDG. ...
- The scope of application of the Convention is confined to instruments of the type understood in practice as independent guarantees (referred to as, e. ... "demand", "first demand", "simple demand" or "bank" guarantees) or stand-by letters of credit (article 2(1)). ...
2. What are Israel's Loan Guarantees? By Ed Finn
- slate.msn.com
- What are Israel's Loan Guarantees?.
- The New York Times reported Tuesday that the United States may be planning to reduce Israel's loan guarantees to account for any money the country spends constructing a "security perimeter" that will divide its citizens from Palestinians. What are these loan guarantees, and how important are they to Israel?.
- So when Congress promises Israel $9 billion in loan guarantees (as they did this year), that means the U. ...
- The $9 billion in loan guarantees (along with $1 billion in direct aid) comprise a special post-Gulf War II aid package, awarded to Israel on top of the $3 billion in other assistance that the United States gives annually. But with loan guarantees, it's never clear how much money is actually "given": In a perfect world, they wouldn't cost the United States a cent. Israelâ ”or Turkey, Egypt, and Jordan, all of which snagged loan guarantees as postwar rewardsâ ”could borrow on the international markets, then pay off the loans completely, leaving the United States with no financial obligation. But Israel has already received nearly $10 billion in loan guarantees from the United States since 1992, and while it has yet to default on any of those loans, this new round of guarantees is intended in part to help Israel pay off the old debt. ...
- But simply threatening to reduce the guarantees can also be effective because Israel needs the U. ... In 1991, Israel was in a similarly desperate financial situation, and the United States used the threat of limiting loan guarantees to force then-Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir to attend the Madrid peace conference and suspend settlement construction while he was there.
3. Zagrebačka banka d.d. Bank Guarantees
- www.zaba.hr
- Bank Guarantees.
- The main types of guarantees available are those in connection with contracts tendered for or entered into by our customers:.
- Tender Guarantees .
- Performance Guarantees (covering due performance of contract i. ...
- Advance Payment Guarantees (covering advance payment i. ...
- Retention Money Guarantees (covering retention money i. ...
- Guarantees covering deferred payments, overdrafts and loans.
4. Kredyt Bank S.A.
- www.kredytbank.pl
- Bank guarantees.
- > Corporate Clients > Products and services > Financing the Needs > Bank guarantees .
- Bank guarantees.
- Kredyt Bank grants bank guarantees to business entities in a good financial condition. ... The terms and conditions of bank guarantees are established individually for each Customer.
- Kredyt Bank grants bank guarantees to Customers and foreign banks, as well as accepts guarantees granted by foreign banks to Polish Customers. The guarantees are granted to entities from all countries in the world. The Bank also confirms guarantees granted by other banks (so called .
- re-guarantees) and may instruct a foreign bank to grant a guarantee to the Customer on the Customer's behalf.
- Kredyt Bank grants the following types of guarantees: .
5. Distributed Network Storage with Quality-of-Service Guarantees
- www.isoc.org
- Distributed Network Storage with Quality-of-Service Guarantees.
- This paper envisions a distributed network storage service with quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees and describes its architecture and key mechanisms. When fully realized, this service architecture would be able to support, in one integrated framework, network storage services ranging from best-effort caching to replication with performance guarantees. ...
- 2 Distributed network storage infrastructure with QoS guarantees .
- 1 Deterministic versus statistical guarantees .
- Best-effort service is the default service used by most applications, and it does not offer any guarantees regarding packet delivery. Guaranteed service, on the other hand, offers performance guarantees based on latency, jitter, and/or loss rates. ...
- The fact that objects may be purged at any time means caches cannot provide any guarantees of data persistence. ...
- In order to provide guarantees, replication requires some form of resource reservation. ...
- The need for service guarantees in data transmission is driven by real-time network applications that cannot tolerate variations in packet delay. We believe that the demand for network storage services with guarantees will similarly come from applications that cannot tolerate the performance variations inherent in all caching schemes. ...
- 2 Distributed network storage infrastructure with QoS guarantees.
- This paper calls for the creation of a new distributed network storage service model with QoS guarantees i . This service model will support, in one integrated framework, network storage services ranging from best-effort caching to replication with performance guarantees. ...
- From performance requirements to performance realization: the process flow of establishing a network storage service with QoS guarantees. ...
- Caching alone is a "best-effort" service that cannot provide service guarantees to a publisher. ...
6. SCADPlus: Guarantees for consumer goods and after-sales services (Green Paper)
- europa.eu.int
- Guarantees for consumer goods and after-sales services (Green Paper).
- To ensure equitable conditions for cross-border purchases by consumers by triggering a debate on guarantees for consumer goods and after-sales services. ...
- Commission Green Paper of 15 November 1993 on guarantees for consumer goods and after-sales services.
- The Green Paper studies the problems facing consumers with regard to legal and commercial guarantees and after-sales services when making cross-border purchases of goods. ...
- National legal rules are analysed with regard to legal and commercial guarantees and after-sales service. ...
- It is therefore not easy to determine which law is applicable to matters of legal guarantees, and consumers tend to be unaware of legal provisions in other countries; .
- the conditions governing commercial guarantees, which also vary between countries, come up against the absence of a general legal framework. ...
7. Translation of guarantees
- www.brainytranslation.com
8. FEDERAL AND STATE CONSTITUTIONAL GUARANTEES TO ARMS
- www.guncite.com
- GUARANTEES TO ARMS.
- The second amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees that " a well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. ...
- The purpose of its guarantees was to enunciate a set of fixed rights that may not be trespassed upon by any branch of government. ...
- For example, the minority in Pennsylvania, on December 15, 1787, was the first to offer fifteen guarantees. ...
- The second amendment should be interpreted according to well-established rules governing interpretation of constitutional guarantees when determining if a particular statute is unconstitutional. ...
- 74 Nevertheless, while courts adhere to these well-known exceptions in construing other constitutional guarantees, the right to arms has often been treated with disfavor. ...
- In the absence of any evidence tending to show that possession or use of a "shotgun having a barrel of less than eighteen inches in length" at this time has some reasonable relationship to the preservation or efficiency of a well regulated militia, we cannot say that the Second Amendment guarantees the right to keep and bear such an instrument. ...
- After all, constitutional guarantees other than the right to arms are subject to regulation. ...
- Although the second amendment has not yet been held to be binding on the states, state guarantees to arms offer the most promise in protecting individual liberty because numerous state courts have taken the right seriously and have strived to achieve a workable balance between a right and the needs of the state. ...
- State Constitutional Guarantees on the Right To Keep And Bear.
- Forty-three (43) states have constitutional guarantees on the right to keep and bear arms.
- The 43 state constitutional guarantees to arms are reprinted in the appendix to this article. ...
- 2d 94, 100 (1980) (right to bear arms guarantees possession of a billy club under the Oregon Constitution); cf. ...
- The right to arms guarantees of Arizona and Washington contain proscriptions against armed bodies. ...
- Halbrook, A Right to Bear Arms: State and Federal Bills of Rights and Constitutional Guarantees (1989); B. ...
9. 12 KAR 3:022. Guarantees.
- www.lrc.state.ky.us
- Guarantees.
- This administrative regulation establishes a uniform format for expressing guarantees for pet foods.
- (a) A product labeled with a quantity statement in units of tablets, capsules, granules, or liquid measures may express the mineral guarantees in milligrams (mg) per unit. ...
10. Zagrebačka banka d.d. Guarantees and Letters of credit
- www.zaba.hr
11. The Second Amendment guarantees the individual right to own a gun
- home.att.net
- Myth: The Second Amendment guarantees the individual right to own a gun.
- Pro-gun advocates claim that this amendment guarantees their individual right to own a gun, and that gun control laws are therefore a violation of their constitutional rights. ...
12. Zero-Knowledge guarantees anonymity for browser users (InfoWorld)
- www.infoworld.com
- Zero-Knowledge guarantees anonymity for browser users .
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